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http://hdl.handle.net/11129/3415
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Title: | Democracy and electoral fraud in Africa: A comparative study of presidential elections in Ghana and Nigeria from 2000 to 2012 |
Authors: | Numan, Berna Lale, Obaridomuru Emmanuel Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Business and Economics Department of International Relations |
Keywords: | International Relations Democracy - Elections Presidents - Elections - Africa - Ghana - Nigeria - 2000-2012 Democracy Electoral Fraud Elections Political Parties Electoral Management Body |
Issue Date: | Apr-2014 |
Publisher: | Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU) - Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi (DAÜ) |
Citation: | Lale, Obaridomuru Emmanuel. (2014). Democracy and electoral fraud in Africa: A comparative study of presidential elections in Ghana and Nigeria from 2000 to 2012. Thesis (M.A.), Eastern Mediterranean University, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Dept. of International Relations, Famagusta: North Cyprus. |
Abstract: | This research aims to study why there is a high rate of electoral fraud in most African nations. For this purpose the Elite, Institutional and Rationalist theories were reviewed and a theory guided hypothesis was chosen to conduct a comparative analysis of democracy and electoral fraud in Nigeria and Ghana by looking at Presidential elections between 2000 and 2013.
Elections play an important role in democracies, however, who decides on the choice of electoral system and whose interests and values prevail are two issues that have been grappling political scientists and political theorists alike. These two issues inherently concern how and why political reform takes place. It has even more vehemence for relatively newer democracies.
Most African nations over the years have experienced different form of governance and elections all in the name of democracy but very far from practicing it. This has been expressed in electoral rigging, violence, death, corruption and little or no level of transparency within the system. Reform successes were limited. Nevertheless, there are some success stories that may provide guidance for political scientists. An exemplary case in West Africa is Ghana. Ghana has moved into a democratic path leading the way for other African nations where as Nigeria, another West African nation, is still deeply rooted in electoral fraud, corruption and irregularities.
These two countries in West Africa provide a striking contrast and could provide an answer to several question. Through elite interviews and analysis of secondary data
such as Afrobarometer, this thesis finds strong evidence in support of the Elite Theory.
Keywords: Democracy, Electoral Fraud, Elections, Political Parties, Electoral Management body. ÖZ:
Bu araştırma, Afrika ülkelerinde neden seçimlerde yolsuzluk oranının yüksek olduğunu incelemektedir. Bu amaçla, elitist kuram ve rasyonalist kuramlar incelenip, teori güdümlü hipotezler geliştirilmiştir. Bu amaç için Gana ve Nijerya cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimlerindeki yolsuzluklar karşılaştırmalı bir analiz yapmak için seçilmiştir.
Seçimler demokrasilerde öncü bir rol oynamaktadır. Afrika kıtasındaki demokrasi adına yapılan seçimlerde şiddet, ölüm, yolsuzluk yaşanmakta ve sistem içinde şeffaflığın az veya hiç olmadığı görülmektedir. Normalleşen bu durumum yanında Gana demokratik reformlara imza atarak parlayan bir ışık gibi seçim yolsuzluklarının üzerine gitmiştir. Neden seçimlerde yaşanan yolsuzluk, usulsüzlük ve dolandırıcılık Afrika'daki yüksek oranda vardır? Nijerya ve Gana iki Batı Afrika ülkesi olarak çarpıcı bir kontrast sağlamaktadır ve bu soruya cevap verilmesine ışık tutmaktadır. Bu tez ikincil ve birincil verilerden yararlanarak 2000-2012 yılları arasında yapılan Nijerya ve Gana Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimlerini inceleyerek elitist kuramın varsayımlarının rasyonalist kuramın varsayımlarından daha fazla açıklayıcılığı olduğunu ıspatlamaktadır. Tezde ikincil veri olarak Afrobarometer veritabanı ve birincil veri olarak da siyasi karar mekanizmalarında söz sahibi karar alıcılar ve uzmanlarla yapılan mülakatlar kullanılmıştır.
Anahtarkelimeler: Demokrasi, Seçimler, Siyasi Partiler, Seçim Yönetimi, Gana, Nijerya, Siyasi Reform. |
Description: | Master of Arts in International Relations. Thesis (M.A.)--Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Business and Economics, Dept. of International Relations, 2014. Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Berna Numan. |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/11129/3415 |
Appears in Collections: | Theses (Master's and Ph.D) – Business and Economics
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