Gravitational lensing in rotating and twisting universes

Abstract

Gravitational lensing caused by the gravitational field of massive objects has been studied and acknowledged for a long period of time. In this paper, however, we propose a different mechanism where the bending of light stems from the non-linear interaction of gravitational, electromagnetic and axion waves that creates the high curvature zone in the space-time fabric. The striking distinction in the present study is that in contrast to the convex lensing in the gravitational field of a massive object, hyperbolic nature of the high curvature zone of the background space-time may give rise to concave lensing. Expectedly detection of this kind of lensing becomes possible through satellite detectors. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.