Determinants of Capital Adequacy Ratio and its Relationship with Risks in Islamic Banks- Case of QISMUT, Kuwait and Bahrain

dc.contributor.advisorBektaş, Eralp
dc.contributor.authorKalifa, Wagdi M. S.
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-13T05:04:59Z
dc.date.available2020-10-13T05:04:59Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.date.submitted2018
dc.departmentEastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Business and Economics, Dept. of Banking and Financeen_US
dc.descriptionDoctor of Philosophy in Finance. Thesis (Ph.D.)--Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Business and Economics, Dept. of Banking and Finance, 2018. Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Eralp Bektaş.en_US
dc.description.abstractThe study empirically investigates the relationship between the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) and different bank-specific instruments including risk and macroeconomic factors for the selected twenty-eight (28) Islamic banks which are active in Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Turkey, Kuwait, and Bahrain. Annual data from 2005 to 2014 is used. This study is the first of its kind to investigate if the CAR in Islamic banks is affected by these such factors mentioned above. The bank-specific control variables in this study are return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), leverage, size, liquidity risk, and credit risk, while the macroeconomic control variables are market capitalization and stocks traded, exchange rate, gross domestic product (GDP), and inflation. In addition, we capture the impacts of the global financial crisis on Islamic banks. Firstly, we employ three methods which are fixed effects, random effects, and ordinary least squares. Then, we employ the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) dynamic panel data estimator. We find that there are high and statistically significant relationships between the CAR and the bank-specific factors such as ROA, ROE, size, leverage, and credit risk; hence, increases in ROA, leverage, and credit risk of the Islamic banks will lead to increases in the CAR, whereas increases in ROE and size would lead to decline in the CAR. The liquidity risk has an insignificant positive relationship with the capital adequacy ratio. Furthermore, inflation, market capitalization, and exchange rate exert high and statistically significant effects on the CAR, which evidences that higher inflation would result in lower CAR, while an increase in market capitalization and exchange rate would positively contribute to the level of the CAR. On the other hand, GDP is negatively related with capital adequacy ratio while stocks traded are positively related; however, both relationships are insignificant. Finally, we run another model where “equity to assets” ratio is dependent variable with similar control variables; results reveal that, except for inflation and GDP, all the variables exert significant effects on the CAR and on the “equity to assets” ratio. In addition, we captured the effects of the global financial crisis (GFC) on Islamic banks and found that Islamic banks are affected by the GFC at high levels. Keywords: Islamic banks, capital adequacy ratio, bank-specific factors, macroeconomic factors, dynamic panel data, financial crisisen_US
dc.description.abstractÖZ: Bu çalıĢma, Endonezya, Suudi Arabistan, Malezya, BirleĢik Arap Emirlikleri, Türkiye, Kuveyt ve Bahreyn‟de faaliyet göstermekte olan 28 Islam Bankası için sermaye yeterlilik oranları (SYO) ile çeĢitli banka enstümanları ile makroeconomik göstergeler arasındaki iliĢkiyi irdelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu sebeble, 2005 ve 2014 yılları arasını kapsayan yıllık veriler seçilmiĢtir. Bu vesile ile, bu çalıĢma ilgili alanda (Islam Bankacılığı) yapılmıĢ ilk çalıĢma olacaktır. Bu çalıĢmada, bankalara ait kontrol değiĢkenleri, varlık getiri oranı (VGO), sermaye getiri oranı (SGO), kaldıraç, büyüklük, nakit riski, ve kredi riski Ģeklindedir. Diğer taraftan, makroekonomik kontrol değiĢkenleri ise piyasa sermaye oranı, iĢlem gören hisse senedi miktarı, döviz kurları, gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla (GSYIH), ve enflasyon Ģeklindedir. Ek olarak, global krizlerin de Islam Bankaları üzerinde olan etkisi de bu çalıĢmada tespit edilmiĢtir. Ġlk olarak, ekonometrik bağlamda 3 yöntem uygulanmıĢtır: sabit etki, serbest etki, ve en küçük kareler yöntemi. Bunun ardından, ikinci olarak, GenelleĢtirilmiĢ Momentler Yöntemi (GMM) panel very analizi olarak uygulanmıĢtır. Sonuçlar genel olarak, SYO ve VGO, SGO, büyüklük, kaldıraç ile kredi riskleri arasında anlamlı iliĢkiler olduğu yönündedir. ġöyle ki, yukarda bahsi geçen değiĢkenlerdeki bir artıĢ/azalıĢ, SYO miktarlarında anlamlı artıĢ/azalıĢ değiĢimine (doğru orantılı iliĢki) sebebiyet verecektir. Fakat, SGO ve büyüklük ile SYO arasında ters yönlü iliĢkiler tespit edilmiĢtir. Bulgulara göre, likidite riskinin SYO üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olmadığı görülmüĢtür. Son olarak, enflasyon, piyasa sermaye oranı,ve döviz kurlarının SYO üzerinde yüksek oranda anlamlı etkilerinin olduğu tespit edilmiĢtir. ġöyle ki, enflasyon oranında bir artıĢ, daha küçük oranda SYO‟ya sebebiyet verecektir. Diğer taraftan ise, daha yüksek piyasa sermayesi ile daha yüksek döviz kurları, daha yüksek SYO miktarlarına sebebiyet verecektir. Fakat, GSYIH ile iĢlem gören hisse senedi hacmi, SYO ile anlamsız bir etkileĢim içerisindedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Islam Bankaları, Sermaye Yeterlilik Oranı, Bankalara ait Faktörler, makroekonomik faktörler, dynamic panel veri, finansal krizen_US
dc.identifier.citationKalifa, Wagdi M. S.. (2018). Determinants of Capital Adequacy Ratio and its Relationship with Risks in Islamic Banks- Case of QISMUT, Kuwait and Bahrain. Thesis (Ph.D.), Eastern Mediterranean University, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Dept. of Banking and Finance, Famagusta: North Cyprus.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11129/4636
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherEastern Mediterranean University (EMU) - Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi (DAÜ)en_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryTez
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectBanking and Financeen_US
dc.subjectBanks and Bankingen_US
dc.subjectBanks and banking--Islamic countriesen_US
dc.subjectIslamic Bankingen_US
dc.subjectIslamic banksen_US
dc.subjectcapital adequacy ratioen_US
dc.subjectbank-specific factorsen_US
dc.subjectmacroeconomic factorsen_US
dc.subjectdynamic panel dataen_US
dc.subjectfinancial crisisen_US
dc.titleDeterminants of Capital Adequacy Ratio and its Relationship with Risks in Islamic Banks- Case of QISMUT, Kuwait and Bahrainen_US
dc.typeDoctoral Thesis

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