Intelligent Energy Management Systems: A Systematic Review of Technologies, Challenges, and Opportunities

Abstract

The growing use of smart technologies in buildings highlights the crucial need to prioritize efficient energy use and management, especially in architectural design. This research explores the convergence of contemporary architectural approaches and advanced technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and machine learning. Its aim is to review energy-efficient solutions specifically designed for smart residential complexes. The inquiry examines several aspects of energy optimization, including both technology improvements and architectural challenges. The incorporation of smart grid technologies and the integration of renewable energy sources are examined as essential elements of architectural design with the goal of improving energy efficiency. The study aims to provide a thorough evaluation of the present state of incorporating intelligent technologies in energy management for smart residential complexes, focusing on architectural aspects. The objective is to provide information to architects, academics, and policymakers who are interested in efficiently optimizing energy usage in the changing environment of smart residential complexes. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.