Refractive index measurement using virtual—apparent image coincidence approach

Abstract

Abstract In this study, we explore novel approaches to determining the index of refraction for various mediums by leveraging virtual images. We introduce a simplified yet effective method that utilizes apparent object positions resulting from light bending in a medium. Our focus lies in measuring the refractive index of liquids without the need for a microscope, emphasizing the measurement of real and apparent depths through the coincidence of virtual and apparent images. Comparative analysis with established techniques reveals the precision of our results, with accurate determinations of object and image positions. Through the collection and graphing of paired data, we calculate the refractive indices of water, vegetable oil, and ethanol. Our findings underscore the significance of this scientific methodology, offering time-efficient, implementable, and easily comprehensible procedures. We posit that this study holds promise for educational applications at various levels. Moreover, we propose extending our methodology to transparent solid materials, thereby broadening its potential applications. © 2024 IOP Publishing Ltd.