Zitterbewegung oscillations and GUP-induced quantum modifications of Yang-Mills black holes in perfect fluid dark matter

Abstract

Astrophysical black holes (BHs) are inevitably surrounded by dark matter halos and plasma environments, yet most theoretical studies idealize them as isolated vacuum solutions. Bridging this gap requires understanding how non-Abelian gauge fields and dark matter jointly modify BH geometry, thermodynamics, and observational signatures-a challenge compounded by quantum gravitational effects that become crucial during late-stage evaporation. We investigate Yang-Mills (YM) charged BHs embedded in perfect fluid dark matter (PFDM) backgrounds, incorporating quantum corrections through the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) and Zitterbewegung oscillations. Starting from an action combining Einstein gravity, Maxwell electromagnetism, non-Abelian YM fields, and PFDM, we derive static spherically symmetric solutions with metric function f (r) = 1-2M/r + Q2/r2 + QYM/r4p-2 + (a/r) ln(r/|a |), where p controls YM self-interactions and a governs dark matter coupling. Applying the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) tunneling formalism, we compute spin-dependent Hawking temperatures, finding that higher-spin channels dominate emission, and GUP effects stabilize Planck-scale remnants. Exponential entropy corrections S = S0 + eS0 yield quantum-modified thermodynamic potentials exhibiting phase transitions, while Joule-Thomson analysis reveals intricate cooling-heating regimes with multiple inversion curves. Keplerian frequency calculations demonstrate how YM charges and PFDM shift the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO), and photon sphere analysis in dispersive plasma determines frequency-dependent shadow radii.