Effect of the Refractive Index on the Hawking Temperature: An Application of the Hamilton-Jacobi Method

Abstract

Hawking radiation of a non-asymptotically flat (NAF) 4-dimensional spherically symmetric and static dilatonic black hole (BH) via the Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) method has been studied. In addition to the naive coordinates, we have used four more different coordinate systems which are well-behaved at the horizon. Except the isotropic coordinates, direct computation of the HJ method leads us the standard Hawking temperature for all coordinate systems. The isotropic coordinates render possible to get the index of refraction extracting from the Fermat metric. It is explicitly shown that the index of refraction determines the value of the tunneling rate and its natural consequence, Hawking temperature. The isotropic coordinates within the conventional HJ method produce wrong result for the temperature of the dilatonic BH. Here, we explain how this discrepancy can be resolved by regularizing the integral possessing a pole at the horizon.